1、参数说明
名称：
pmap - report memory map of a process(查看进程的内存映像信息)pmap命令用于报告进程的内存映射关系，是Linux调试及运维一个很好的工具。
用法
pmap [ -x | -d ] [ -q ] pids...
pmap -V
选项含义
-x extended Show the extended format. 显示扩展格式
-d device Show the device format. 显示设备格式
-q quiet Do not display some header/footer lines. 不显示头尾行
-V show version Displays version of program. 显示版本
扩展格式和设备格式域：
Address: start address of map 映像起始地址
Kbytes: size of map in kilobytes 映像大小
RSS: resident set size in kilobytes 驻留集大小
Dirty: dirty pages (both shared and private) in kilobytes 脏页大小
Mode: permissions on map 映像权限: r=read, w=write, x=execute, s=shared, p=private (copy on write)
Mapping: file backing the map , or '[ anon ]' for allocated memory, or '[ stack ]' for the program stack. 映像支持文件,[anon]为已分配内存 [stack]为程序堆栈
Offset: offset into the file 文件偏移
Device: device name (major:minor) 设备名2、使用示例
- 查看进程1的设备格式最后一行的值 mapped 表示该进程映射的虚拟地址空间大小，也就是该进程预先分配的虚拟内存大小，即ps出的vsz writeable/private 表示进程所占用的私有地址空间大小，也就是该进程实际使用的内存大小
[root@linux-php ~]# pmap -d 11010| more 11010: php-fpm: pool www Address Kbytes Mode Offset Device Mapping 0000000000400000 10744 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00002 php-fpm 000000000107e000 728 r---- 0000000000a7e000 0fd:00002 php-fpm 0000000001134000 68 rw--- 0000000000b34000 0fd:00002 php-fpm 0000000001145000 144 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000 [ anon ] 0000000001c1c000 3968 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000 [ anon ] 0000000001ffc000 500140 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000 [ anon ] 00007fd5a7949000 160 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libnsspem.so 00007fd5a7971000 2048 ----- 0000000000028000 0fd:00001 libnsspem.so 00007fd5a7b71000 4 r---- 0000000000028000 0fd:00001 libnsspem.so 00007fd5a7b72000 4 rw--- 0000000000029000 0fd:00001 libnsspem.so 00007fd5a7b73000 8 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libnsssysinit.so 00007fd5a7b75000 2044 ----- 0000000000002000 0fd:00001 libnsssysinit.so 00007fd5a7d74000 4 r---- 0000000000001000 0fd:00001 libnsssysinit.so 00007fd5a7d75000 4 rw--- 0000000000002000 0fd:00001 libnsssysinit.so 00007fd5a7d76000 524 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libfreeblpriv3.so 00007fd5a7df9000 2048 ----- 0000000000083000 0fd:00001 libfreeblpriv3.so 00007fd5a7ff9000 8 r---- 0000000000083000 0fd:00001 libfreeblpriv3.so 00007fd5a7ffb000 4 rw--- 0000000000085000 0fd:00001 libfreeblpriv3.so 00007fd5a7ffc000 16 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000 [ anon ] 00007fd5a8000000 132 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000 [ anon ] 00007fd5a8021000 65404 ----- 0000000000000000 000:00000 [ anon ] 00007fd5cc217000 4 r---- 0000000000021000 0fd:00001 ld-2.17.so 00007fd5cc218000 4 rw--- 0000000000022000 0fd:00001 ld-2.17.so 00007fd5cc219000 4 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000 [ anon ] 00007fff816ef000 132 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000 [ stack ] 00007fff817a0000 8 r-x-- 0000000000000000 000:00000 [ anon ] ffffffffff600000 4 r-x-- 0000000000000000 000:00000 [ anon ] mapped: 1110776K writeable/private: 515528K shared: 264332K
shared 表示进程和其他进程共享的内存大小 - 不显示头尾行
[root@linux-php ~]# pmap -d 11010 -q 1|more 11010: php-fpm: pool www 0000000000400000 10744 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00002 php-fpm 000000000107e000 728 r---- 0000000000a7e000 0fd:00002 php-fpm 0000000001134000 68 rw--- 0000000000b34000 0fd:00002 php-fpm 0000000001145000 144 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000 [ anon ] 0000000001c1c000 3968 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000 [ anon ] 0000000001ffc000 500140 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000 [ anon ] 00007fd5a7949000 160 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libnsspem.so
- 查看进程1的扩展格式
```bash
[root@linux-php ~]# pmap -x 1
11010: php-fpm: pool www
Address Kbytes RSS Dirty Mode Mapping 0000000000400000 10744 3208 0 r-x-- php-fpm 000000000107e000 728 296 4 r---- php-fpm 0000000001134000 68 60 56 rw--- php-fpm 0000000001145000 144 68 68 rw--- [ anon ] 0000000001c1c000 3968 3968 3968 rw--- [ anon ] 0000000001ffc000 500140 499504 499504 rw--- [ anon ] 00007fd5a7949000 160 88 0 r-x-- libnsspem.so 00007fd5a7971000 2048 0 0 ----- libnsspem.so 00007fd5a7b71000 4 4 4 r---- libnsspem.so 00007fd5a7b72000 4 4 4 rw--- libnsspem.so 00007fd5a7b73000 8 8 0 r-x-- libnsssysinit.so 00007fd5a7b75000 2044 0 0 ----- libnsssysinit.so 00007fd5a7d74000 4 4 4 r---- libnsssysinit.so 00007fd5a7d75000 4 4 4 rw--- libnsssysinit.so 00007fd5a7d76000 524 320 0 r-x-- libfreeblpriv3.so 00007fd5a7df9000 2048 0 0 ----- libfreeblpriv3.so 00007fd5a7ff9000 8 8 8 r---- libfreeblpriv3.so 00007fd5a7ffb000 4 4 4 rw--- libfreeblpriv3.so 00007fff817a0000 8 4 0 r-x-- [ anon ] ffffffffff600000 4 0 0 r-x-- [ anon ]
total kB 1110776 577112 568280
- 循环显示进程3066的设备格式的最后1行，间隔2秒
```bash
[root@linux-php ~]# while true; do pmap -d 3066 | tail -1; sleep 2; done
mapped: 1110776K writeable/private: 515528K shared: 264332K
mapped: 1110776K writeable/private: 515528K shared: 264332K
mapped: 1110776K writeable/private: 515528K shared: 264332K
mapped: 1110776K writeable/private: 515528K shared: 264332K
mapped: 1110776K writeable/private: 515528K shared: 264332K
mapped: 1110776K writeable/private: 515528K shared: 264332K
mapped: 1110776K writeable/private: 515528K shared: 264332K
mapped: 1110776K writeable/private: 515528K shared: 264332K
mapped: 1110776K writeable/private: 515528K shared: 264332K
mapped: 1110776K writeable/private: 515528K shared: 264332K
mapped: 1110776K writeable/private: 515528K shared: 264332K